漢語的習(xí)慣里,"胖"有贊美,恭維人的意思,如"祝賀你生了個大胖小子","胖呼呼",甚至給熟悉的人起個綽號叫"胖子"(當(dāng)然是愛稱)??梢?quot;胖"在漢語中有"健康""生活舒心"的意思。那么英語里可以這么說嗎?
在英語中,關(guān)于"胖",我們首先想到的就是"fat"。但"fat"在英語中是個強烈的貶義詞,是"愚笨","遲緩","自制力差"的標(biāo)志,所以在西方如果說某人"fat",不僅是對別人的傷害與歧視,也是自身粗魯無教養(yǎng)的表現(xiàn)。
那應(yīng)該如何恰當(dāng)而又有禮貌地表達"胖"、"豐滿"呢?下面是一些常見的委婉語,不論是翻譯還是口語都很有用。
1. gain weight 增加體重,例如:
People who drink diet soft drinks don't lose weight. They gain weight, a new study finds.
2. super size person 超大之人,例如:
No more hamburgers, I don't want to be a super size person.
3. heavyset 身子重的,體格粗壯、敦實的,例如:He was tall and heavyset.
4. nutritionally endowed 營養(yǎng)豐富的,例如:
Though garlic is a nutritionally endowed food, it is only consumed in small amounts.
5. gravitationally challenged 受地球引力挑戰(zhàn)的(增加的體重確實在挑戰(zhàn)地球引力),例如:
That girl is gravitationally challenged.
6. well-built 體格健美的,體型勻稱的,例如:
That girl is well-built.
7. stout 結(jié)實的,壯實的,例如:
She is getting too stout for her dresses.
8. big-boned 骨架大的,例如:
I'm not fat, just big-boned.
9. overweight 超重的,例如:
Overweight in a child should not be neglected.
10. chubby 胖呼呼的(多指小孩和女子),例如:
The baby has a chubby face.
11. buxom 形象健康豐滿的,健美的,例如:
A generation ago, fat babies were considered healthy and buxom actresses were popular, but society has since come to worship thinness.
同樣,"瘦"不能說"skinny",這可是"皮包骨"的意思(時尚界的許多模特正在朝這個方向發(fā)展),要形容一個人苗條應(yīng)該用 "slender","slim",或"delicate"。"減肥"則可以說"lose pounds"或"lose weight"。
總之,"胖"和"瘦"是英美人敏感的話題,"fat "和"skinny"的使用要十分小心,注意回避。但是有一個例外就是" phat "(妙,好,酷),是"fat "的異體詞,在口語中常常用于贊美美妙的東西,相當(dāng)于"cool "。例如"The car is really a phat. "