雅思圖表作文高分關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)1. 排序
排序結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)用于排列和引導(dǎo)具有一定邏輯關(guān)系的數(shù)據(jù)名稱,一般用于排列“第2名”以后的數(shù)據(jù)名詞。常用的邏輯順序是數(shù)據(jù)的絕對(duì)值大小,時(shí)間的先后,數(shù)據(jù)變化幅度的大小等。其優(yōu)點(diǎn)在于可以迅速地引出下一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)指代對(duì)象,同時(shí)可以通過接續(xù)定語從句或者分詞來提高句型的復(fù)雜度。在線性圖,餅狀圖,柱狀圖和數(shù)據(jù)表格中應(yīng)用廣泛。總結(jié)出常用的排序結(jié)構(gòu)一共有以下幾個(gè):
a. Next come…
b. … come next
c. It is followed by…
d. This is followed by…
雅思圖表作文高分關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)2. 比重
在圖表題中幾乎每種圖形都會(huì)涉及到百分比或者比重等數(shù)據(jù),而略微遺憾的是我們很多同學(xué)對(duì)于如何表達(dá)這些數(shù)據(jù)不是很清楚,因此經(jīng)常使用錯(cuò)誤。其實(shí)要準(zhǔn)確表達(dá)并不難,只要掌握幾個(gè)核心的詞匯:比如,percent是“百分之”的意思,等同于%符號(hào),前面應(yīng)該用數(shù)據(jù),比如60%可以寫成60 percent, 另外要注意percent后面是不加s的。而percentage是“百分比”的意思,后面不能直接跟數(shù)字,一般需要用the percentage of來表達(dá)某個(gè)百分比。此外,我們經(jīng)??梢杂胮roportion, share, rate等來表達(dá)相同的意思,比如:
I. A large proportion of the earth’s surface is covered with water.
II. Americans spend a smaller share of income on food than residents of other developed nations.
III. The rate of heart disease increased sharply between 1950 and 1960.
IV. The percentage of residents below 18 years old was much higher in Utah than that in other two states.
在百分比數(shù)據(jù)中,提醒考生們也要特別注意以下這幾個(gè)重要的數(shù)據(jù),它們的學(xué)術(shù)化表達(dá)也是小作文高分范文中的一大亮點(diǎn),考生們需密切關(guān)注并熟練掌握,比如:
25%; 33%; 50%; 67%; 75% 對(duì)應(yīng)的分?jǐn)?shù)分別為 1/4; 1/3; 1/2; 2/3; 3/4。上述5個(gè)分?jǐn)?shù)及其對(duì)應(yīng)的百分比的表達(dá)在四種常規(guī)圖表題里屢見不鮮,因此,正確并且合理的表達(dá)這些數(shù)字就顯得極為重要。在實(shí)際考試中,我們?cè)陬}目中看到這些百分?jǐn)?shù)馬上要轉(zhuǎn)換成對(duì)應(yīng)的分?jǐn)?shù),這樣就可以直接用英文來準(zhǔn)確表達(dá),即:
25%---a quarter; 33%--one/a third; 50%--half; 67%--two thirds; 75%--three quarters.
但是實(shí)際應(yīng)用時(shí)數(shù)據(jù)并不是一定那么巧正好是這幾個(gè)百分比,在這些分?jǐn)?shù)上下浮動(dòng)五個(gè)百分點(diǎn)間的數(shù)值我們同樣可以借助于這5個(gè)分?jǐn)?shù)來表達(dá),比如:69%我們可以寫成slightly over two thirds, 72%我們可以寫成slightly under three quarters等等,通過這樣很小的切換,我們既增加了字?jǐn)?shù),又符合學(xué)術(shù)化的表達(dá):
23% of the residents in Utah are people of 0-14 age group. 我們便能改為:
Slightly under a quarter of the citizens in Utah are people of 0-14 age group.
除了上述這幾個(gè)重要分?jǐn)?shù)外,我們有時(shí)候還會(huì)遇到80%, 90%這兩個(gè)相對(duì)較大的比重,這個(gè)時(shí)候,我們也可以將其用a majority of或者是a vast majority of來進(jìn)行學(xué)術(shù)化的轉(zhuǎn)換:
A majority of courses at college C obtain top rating from inspectors, compared to 60% and 40% of other colleges.
雅思圖表作文高分關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)3. “占據(jù)”
在餅圖,柱狀圖和數(shù)據(jù)表格中,我們經(jīng)常會(huì)需要表達(dá)A占了B的幾分之幾這樣的意思,這個(gè)時(shí)候,我們可以用以下5個(gè)單詞或詞組來準(zhǔn)確表達(dá):
constitute; comprise; take up; account for; make up
I. Asians comprise over one third of the six billion inhabitants.
II. In California, while blacks make up less than 20 percent of the juvenile population, over half of all arrests involve black children.
III. In general, the American general population spent a total of 7 hours 47 minutes on watching TV each week, which account for over half of the total hours.
IV. In 1960, the 15-46 age group constituted over half of the Japanese population.
值得注意的是,occupy這個(gè)詞也有“占”的意思,但是一般在學(xué)術(shù)類小作文中我們不用它來表示占據(jù)的意思,因?yàn)樗怼拔锢怼钡恼紦?jù),而圖表中的占據(jù)是屬于“抽象”的。
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