考前背了不后悔：BEC口語考試必備話題7

Unit One: Company Operation and Management 公司運(yùn)作和管理

1.7 Logistics物流

相關(guān)單詞掌握：

Logistics strategy 物流戰(zhàn)略

Logistics system 物流系統(tǒng)

Transport of goods 貨物運(yùn)輸

Operational efficiency 經(jīng)營(yíng)效率

Procurement 采購，調(diào)撥，調(diào)配

Cultural taboo 文化禁忌

Perspective 觀點(diǎn)，視點(diǎn)，看法

Information systems 信息系統(tǒng)

Logistics network 物流網(wǎng)絡(luò)

Mini-presentation

物流戰(zhàn)略規(guī)劃主要解決四個(gè)方面的問題：客戶服務(wù)目標(biāo)(client service goals)、設(shè)施選址戰(zhàn)略( logistics location strategy)、庫存決策戰(zhàn)略( Inventory decision strategy)和運(yùn)輸戰(zhàn)略(transport strategy)。在物流戰(zhàn)略規(guī)劃過程中一個(gè)重要的問題就是什么時(shí)候應(yīng)該對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)進(jìn)行規(guī)劃或什么時(shí)候應(yīng)該重新規(guī)劃。如果當(dāng)前還沒有物流系統(tǒng)，顯然需要進(jìn)行物流網(wǎng)絡(luò)規(guī)劃。若物流系統(tǒng)已經(jīng)存在，需要決定的是修改現(xiàn)有網(wǎng)絡(luò)還是繼續(xù)運(yùn)行舊的網(wǎng)絡(luò)。在進(jìn)行實(shí)際規(guī)劃之前，對(duì)此無法給出明確的答案，但可以提出網(wǎng)絡(luò)評(píng)估和審核的一般準(zhǔn)則。這些準(zhǔn)則包括五個(gè)核心方面：需求(demand)、客戶服務(wù)(customer service)、產(chǎn)品特征(product features)、物流成本(logistics cost)和定價(jià)策略(pricing strategy)。

What’s important when…?

Developing logistics strategies 制定物流策略需要考慮哪些要點(diǎn)?

1.Customer service levels 客戶服務(wù)水平

2.Information management 信息管理

At its heart, logistics deals with satisfying the customer. Customer service is the most important output of an organization’s logistics system. Because next to product quality, customer service is another important factor why customers decide to do business with you. You have to know exactly the needs and expectations of your customers, so that you can design the logistics system necessary to deliver the required level of service.

物流的核心是讓客戶滿意。客戶服務(wù)是企業(yè)物流體系最重要的內(nèi)容。因?yàn)槌水a(chǎn)品質(zhì)量，客戶服務(wù)是客戶決定和你做生意的另一個(gè)重要因素。你必須確切的知道客戶的需要和期望，因此你能夠設(shè)計(jì)物流系統(tǒng)提供必要的服務(wù)要求的水平。

Logistics is about managing the flow of materials and the flow of information. Decisions cannot be made without having appropriate information. And information is also important in tracking product flow through the logistics pipelines. So designing and implementing information systems to support the logistics network is critical.

物流是關(guān)于管理材料和信息的流程。沒有確切的信息就不能做決定。而且信息對(duì)于通過跟蹤物流產(chǎn)品的管道也是十分重要的。因此設(shè)計(jì)和實(shí)施信息系統(tǒng)來支持物流網(wǎng)絡(luò)也是至關(guān)重要的。

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Discussion

Cultural issues in global logistics國(guó)際物流中的文化問題

The company you work for is relocating some logistics managers abroad and is designing a training course for them on cultural issues in logistics. You have been asked to advise on this training course. Discuss the situation together, and decide:

你們公司擬調(diào)派一些物流經(jīng)理到國(guó)外工作，現(xiàn)正在就物流中的文化問題為他們?cè)O(shè)計(jì)培訓(xùn)課程。請(qǐng)你們?yōu)檫@一培訓(xùn)課程提出建議。討論并決定：

1.how important it is to consider cultural differences in the logistics process

物流過程中考慮文化差異的重要性

2.what cultural aspects should be included in the training course

培訓(xùn)課程中應(yīng)包含哪些文化因素.

(1)Cultural differences have impact on different areas of logistics. For example, people from different cultural backgrounds have different working styles, and in going global, you need to learn their ways of looking at things and their ways of interpreting business relationships.

文化差異已經(jīng)影響了不同領(lǐng)域的物流。例如，來自不同文化背景的人具有不同的工作方式。你需要學(xué)習(xí)他們看待事物的方法以及解釋業(yè)務(wù)關(guān)系的方式.

(2)logistics system can’t clash with the culture of the target market and respect for the native culture is extremely important. So we also need to consider cultural taboos. For example, in countries like Japan and China, customers don’t like goods packed in four together, as “four” is regarded as an unlucky number.

不沖擊目標(biāo)市場(chǎng)的文化以及尊重本土文化對(duì)物流系統(tǒng)極其重要。因此我們需要考慮文化禁忌。例如，有一些國(guó)家例如日本和中國(guó)，客戶不喜歡四個(gè)貨物打成一個(gè)包裝。就像4被認(rèn)為是一個(gè)不吉利的數(shù)字。

(3)we should also acquaint our logistics professionals with differences in language , laws and social customs.

我們應(yīng)該熟悉不同語言的物流專業(yè)人士，法律和社會(huì)習(xí)俗。