復(fù)合句中as用法詳解
as的用法靈活,詞義繁多,特別是在復(fù)合句中更能體現(xiàn)其用法的多樣性和靈活性,但如果同學(xué)們能正確掌握as的詞性和詞義,是不難掌握其用法的。
一、as用作關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語從句
1.as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句,一般不指代某個具體的名詞或代詞,而是代表整個主句或主句的一部分。這種從句可放在主句之前,也可以放在主句之后,有時還可以放在主句的中間。如:As is reported in the newspapers,talks between the two countries are making progress.正如在報紙上所報道的,兩國間的談判有所進(jìn)展。Grammar is not a set of dead rules,as has been said above.如上所說,語法不是一套死條文。Spiders are not insects,as many people think,nor even nearly related to them.蜘蛛不是昆蟲,盡管許多人都這樣認(rèn)為,它甚至與昆蟲幾乎沒有聯(lián)系。2.as引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句,主要用于the same…as(與……相同),such…as(像……一樣),as…as(與……一樣)。如:(與She knew he felt just the same as she did.她知道他的感受和她一樣。Such a man with a good temper as Mr.Li is easy to get along with.像李先生這樣好脾氣的人是容易相處的。He smokes as expensive a cigarette as he can afford.他抽一種他買得起的最貴的煙。
二、as作為從屬連詞引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句
表示“當(dāng)……的時候”或“>一邊……一邊”,強調(diào)主句的動作和從句的動作同時發(fā)生。如:I saw him as he was getting off the bus.當(dāng)他下公共汽車的時候我看見了他。The boy was singing a popular song as he was bicycling.這男孩邊騎車邊唱歌。As she grew older,she became less active.當(dāng)她長大一點的時候,就變得不那么活潑了。As she grew older,she became less active.
三、as作為從屬連詞引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句
as引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句常放在主句前,表示“因為,由于”。如:As she is a model teacher,she gives a good example to others.因為她是一名模范教師,她給其他人樹立了一個好的典范。As he wasn’t ready in time,we went to the cinema without him.由于他沒有及時準(zhǔn)備好,我們就去看電影了,沒有等他。
四、as作為從屬連詞,引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句
as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句比較特別,它要求將主語和謂語或謂語的一部分倒裝。如:Old as he is,he is still full of energy.盡管年紀(jì)大了,但他依然精力充沛。Try as she may,she never succeeds.盡管她很努力,但總是不成功。Try as she may,she never succeeds.Much as I admire Mr.Wang as a poet,I don’t like him as a man.盡管我喜歡王先生的詩歌,但我不喜歡他的為人。注:當(dāng)?shù)寡b后置于句首的名詞為單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞時,習(xí)慣上不帶冠詞。如:Boy as he was,he was made king.盡管他還是個孩子,卻被立為國王了。
五、與其他詞搭配使用構(gòu)成從屬連詞引導(dǎo)從句
1.as if/as though。表示“好像,仿佛”,引導(dǎo)表語從句或方式狀語從句。如:It looks as if/as though it is going to snow.看起來要下雪啦。He looks as if/as though he had seen a ghost.他的臉色看起來好像他看見了鬼。He talks as if/as though he knew everything about it.他說話的口氣好像他已經(jīng)全部都知道了。<it.about everything>
2.as[so]long as。“只要”,引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。如:<it.about everything>As[So]long as you can keep away from them,you will be safe.只要你能遠(yuǎn)離他們,你就安全了。I’m happy as long as you are happy.只要你幸福,我就感到幸福了。I’m happy as long as you are happy.
3.as[so]far as。表示“在……的范圍內(nèi)”,引導(dǎo)限制狀語從句。多用于下列結(jié)構(gòu):as[so]far as I know(據(jù)我所知),as[so]far as I can see,as[so]far as I’m concerned(依我看)。如:(依我看)。如:As[So]far as I know,the couple have been abroad for about five years.據(jù)我所知,這對夫婦已經(jīng)出國約五年了。There’s only one thing to be done now,as far as I can see.依我看?,F(xiàn)在只有一件事情要做。
4.as soon as。表示“一……就”,引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。如:As soon as he got off the plane,he telephoned her girl friend.他一下飛機就給他的女朋友打了個電話。He started as soon as he received the news.他一得到消息就出發(fā)了。
總之,由于as的用法復(fù)雜,同學(xué)們在學(xué)習(xí)時一定要注意比較其在不同句子中的作用,判斷其連接的是什么樣的從句,多做一些關(guān)于相關(guān)練習(xí),這樣便可掌握其用法了。