學(xué)會分析五種基本句型的句子成分是快速掌握感嘆句的關(guān)鍵,陳述句變感嘆句實際上就是句子成分位置的移動。
例1 She is smiling sweetly.
→How sweetly she is smiling!(移動狀語)
二、哪些句子成分可能會移動位置?
通過對句子成分的分析我們就可以確定哪個句子成分需要挪動位置,一般說來含有形容詞的名詞短語、形容詞短語和副詞短語需要變動位置。位置可能會變動的句子成分:賓語、表語和狀語。
例2 Mr Turner told us a funny story.
→What a funny story Mr Turner told us!(移動賓語含有形容詞的名詞短語)
三、如何確定使用what還是使用how?
當(dāng)我們做句型變換或選擇題時需要自己確定到底是用what還是用how,一般可以這樣來確定:位于主語之前的是名詞短語時用what,是形容詞或副詞短語時用how。但這種格式例外:how+adj.+a/an+N
例3 What a cool bike you are riding!(a cool bike名詞短語)
例4 How fast he is riding!(fast副詞)
例5 How cool a bike you are riding!(how+adj.+a/an+N)
四、如何判斷是否使用冠詞、使用什么樣的冠詞?
名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式和不可數(shù)名詞之前不使用冠詞,以元音音素開頭的詞語之前用an,以輔音音素開頭的詞語之前用a。
例6 What beautiful sunshine it is today!(sunshine不可數(shù)名詞)
例7 What a useful book this is!(useful以輔音音素開頭)
例8 What an old house that is!(old以元音音素開頭)
五、感嘆句有哪幾種格式?
簡單地說是“兩型七式”:兩種句型是以what開頭的句型和以how開頭的句型,七種格式是
①what+a+adj.+N+S+V
②what+an+adj.+N+S+V
③what+adj.+N(不可數(shù))+S+V
④what+adj.+N(可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式)+S+V
⑤how+adj.+S+V
⑥how+adv.+S+V
⑦how+adj.+a/an+N+S+V
例What exciting news it is!(what+adj.+N(可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式)+S+V結(jié)構(gòu))
例9 What good teachers they are!(what+adj.+N(可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式)+S+V結(jié)構(gòu))
例10 How warmly they are discussing!(how+adv.+S+V結(jié)構(gòu))
例11 How beautiful a picture it is!(how+adj.+a/an+N+S+V結(jié)構(gòu))
六、以what開頭的句型和以how開頭的句型怎樣進行轉(zhuǎn)換?
這兩種句型之間的轉(zhuǎn)換主要是指以下兩種情況而言的:
1.含有“a/an+adj.+N”結(jié)構(gòu)的句子方法是把形容詞單獨抽出來放在名詞短語的前面和how搭配使用。
2.名詞短語作主語而表語是形容詞的句子方法是把主語當(dāng)作“a/an+adj.+N”結(jié)構(gòu)的中心名詞而用人稱代詞充當(dāng)主語。
例12 What an expensive glass he broke!→How expensive a glass he broke!
例13 How beautiful the birds are!→what beautiful birds they are!
(說明:N代表名詞,未特別說明者代表可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式,S代表主語,V代表動詞)
七、在感嘆句中哪些詞語常常省略?
常常省略的是充當(dāng)主語的人稱代詞和動詞be。
例14 What a naughty boy!(省略了he is)
八、有什么巧妙的辦法記住這些規(guī)律嗎?
以上的解釋說明似乎很復(fù)雜,其實理清了思路、抓住了要領(lǐng)、掌握了規(guī)律并不是那么難的。為了便于同學(xué)們記憶我把以上規(guī)律編成了一段順口溜,請同學(xué)們對照閱讀。
陳述句述事實,感嘆句表感情。
陳述變成感嘆句,主謂系表先分清。
賓語狀語移句首,表語亦須打頭陣。
名詞之前用what,形副之前how先行。
復(fù)數(shù)名詞無冠詞,事先分析莫輕心。
如果名詞不可數(shù),摒棄a,an不留情。
冠詞a,an要分明,清音輔音是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
句子結(jié)構(gòu)要完整,標(biāo)點符號亦變更。
總結(jié)規(guī)律進步快,編個歌訣給你聽。
鞏固練習(xí)
一、選擇題
1.____ delicious the dish is!
A.What B.How C.What a
2.____ strange clothes he is wearing!
A.What a B.What C.How a
3.____ an interesting subject it is!
A.What B.How C.What an
4.____ foggy it was yesterday!
A.What B.What a C.How
5.____ careless a boy you are!
A.How B.What a C.What
二、把下列的句子改為感嘆句。(答案不唯一)
1.A:Jill is drawing a beautiful picture.
B:___________________________
2.A:Mr Wang is a busy man.
B:___________________________
3.A:The cat is very happy.
B:___________________________
4.A:The tractor is going very slowly.
B:___________________________
5.A:He is very lucky.
B:___________________________
6.A:It is a wet day today.
B:___________________________
7.A:They started early.
B:___________________________
8.A:They waited a long time.
B:___________________________
9.A:He is wearing a large shirt.
B:___________________________
10.A:The dolphin is playing happily.
B:___________________________
KEY
一、1.B 2.B 3.A 4.C 5.A
二、
1.What a beautiful picture Jill is drawing!/How beautiful a picture Jill is drawing!
2.What a busy man Mr Wang is!/How busy a man Mr Wang is!
3.How happy the cat is!/What a happy cat it is!
4.How slowly the tractor is going!
5.How lucky he is!
6.What a wet day it is today!/How wet a day it is today!
7.How early they started!
8.What a long time they waited!
9.What a large shirt he is wearing!/How large a shirt he is wearing!
10.How happily the dolphin is playing!