一、反意疑問句(Disjunctive Questions)的定義：

反意疑問句又叫附加疑問句(tag question)在陳述句之后，附加上一個簡短句，對陳述句所敘述的事情提出的事情提出相反的疑問，這種疑問句叫反意疑問句。換句話說，反意疑問句由兩部分組成，前一部分是對是對事物的陳述，后一部分是針對所提出是事提出疑問。如果前一部分用肯定式，后一部分就用否定式;如果前一部分用否定式，后一部分就用肯定式。反意疑問句陳述部分用降調(diào)，簡短問句部分可以用升調(diào)，也可以用降調(diào)，這得由提問者決定。提問者對陳述部分把握較大時，問句用降調(diào);把握不大時用升調(diào)。

二、反意疑問句前后兩部分所遵循的規(guī)則：

1.前后語氣相反

A.前一部分用肯定式，后一部分就用否定式。

(1)You are a student,aren't you?

(2)She reads Chinese every day,doesn't she?

(3)John went to school,didn't he?

(4)She has done his homework,hasn't she?

(5)They can speak English,can't they?

(6)You will come in,won't you?

B.前一部分用否定式，后一部分就用肯定式。

(1)He isn't a singer,is he?

(2)They don't play the guitar,do they?

(3)You couldn't write it,could you?

(4)We didn't see Tom,did we?

(5)She hasn't seen Lily,has she?

(6)He can't ride the bike,can he?

2.前后人稱一致

(1)We are teachers,aren't we?

(2)She comes from Japan,doesn't she?

(3)He read maths every day last year,didn't he?

(4)They have done their work,haven't they?

(5)It will be fine,won't it?

3.前后時態(tài)一致

(1)You are a teacher,aren't you?

(2)He comes from Japan,doesn't he?

(3)She studied Chinese last year,didn't she?

(4)They have learned English,haven't they?

(5)It will rain,won't it?

4.簡短問句部分要用縮寫形式

(1)You are a student,aren't you?

(2)She reads Chinese every day,doesn't she?

(3)John went to scholl,didn't he?

(4)She has done his homework,hasn't she?

(5)They can speak English,can't they?

(6)You will come in,won't you?

5.簡短問句部分的主語要用人稱代詞主格

(1)This book is yours,isn't it?

(2)Tom dosen't know me,does he?

(3)Lucy and Lily played the piano,didn't they?

(4)Kate's dog has eaten 3 chichens,hasn't it?

(5)His desk and bike are red,aren't they?

(6)His milk isn't bad,is it?

三、反意疑問句中的特例：

1.There be變成be There：

eg:There are 3 dogs,are there?

2.I am a worker,aren't(an't)I?

3.陳述部分是祈使句時，從句應(yīng)具體情況具體對待

(1)Don't forget it,will you?(不用Won't you?)

(2)Come here early please,will(won't)you?

(3)Let's go to the beach,shall(shan't)we?

(4)Let us go to the beach,will(won't)you?

4.陳述部分謂語是think,suppose,believe,expect等，且主語為第一人稱或第二人稱時，簡略句肯定或否定語氣與主句對應(yīng)，而主語和時態(tài)卻與從句一致

(1)I don't think you are right,are you?

(2)I don't believe he has done it,has he?

5.當(dāng)陳述部分的主語為代詞-body,-one構(gòu)成的不定代詞時，簡略句的主語多用they;當(dāng)陳述部分的主語為-ing構(gòu)成的不定代詞時，簡略句的主語多用it

(1)Everyone is here,aren't they?

(2)Playing football in the street is right,isn't it?

6.當(dāng)陳述部分的主語為代詞：this,that,nothing,不定式，動名詞或從句時，簡略句的主語用it;陳述部分的主語為these,those,nobody,eveybody,somebody等，簡略句的主語用they

(1)That is a dog,isn't it?

(2)These are apples,aren't they?

(3)Nothing is right,is it?

(4)To see is to believe,isn'it?

(5)Everyone comes here,don't they?

(6)Nobody can help us,can they?

(7)Everything is ready,isn't it?

7.當(dāng)陳述部分的主語含有no,never,hardly,little,seldom few等詞，這部分按否定處理，為簡略句應(yīng)用肯定式

(1)He can hardly read English,can he?

(2)It seldom rains here,does it?

(3)He has no classes today,does he?

8.當(dāng)陳述部分的主語含有un-,-less,dis-等帶有前(后)綴的詞，這部分按肯定處理，簡略句應(yīng)用否定式

(1)It is unfair,isn't it?

(2)He dislike it,doesn't he?

9.當(dāng)陳述部分的情態(tài)動詞表推測時的特殊情況：

A.當(dāng)陳述部分的情態(tài)動詞表推測時簡略句應(yīng)以情態(tài)動詞后的動詞為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，去作相應(yīng)的變化。

(1)Jack must have arrived here,hasn't he?

(2)Li Ping must have finished her work last night,didn't she?

B.反意疑問句的特殊答語

對于反意疑問句的的回答，不管問題的提法如何，如果事實是肯定的，就用yes;如果事實否定的，就用no

當(dāng)陳述部分為否定時要特別注意，這時的英語和漢語的答語是不同的。例如：

a.當(dāng)陳述部分為肯定，簡略句部分為否定時的答語和一般疑問句相同。

(1)He is a student,isn't he?

(2)Yes,he is.No,he isn't.(是的，他是。不，他不是。)

b.當(dāng)陳述部分為否定，簡略句部分為肯定時的答語。當(dāng)陳述部分為否定，簡略句為肯定時的答語時意義就會和漢語大相徑庭：Yes,No和漢語的意義相反。

(1)Kate didn't play the piano yesterday,did she?

Yes,she did.No,she didn't.(不，他彈了。是的，他沒彈。)

(2)They aren't reading the book,are they?

Yes,they are.No,they are't.(不，他們正在讀。是的，他們沒讀。)

(3)Lucy didn't ride the bike,did she?

Yes,she did.No,she didn't.(不，她騎了。是的，他沒騎。)

大家在平常只要能巧記、多用。特殊情況，特殊對待，在交際中會輕松掌握。相信：以不變?nèi)?yīng)萬變，因為“萬變不離其宗”。