一、全方位積累
1.單詞關(guān)
必須熟悉詞匯表上的單詞,這樣才能快速地把聽到的單詞和記憶中的單詞進(jìn)行意義聯(lián)系,從而確定聽力內(nèi)容。不熟悉單詞是不可能聽懂的。
2.句法關(guān)
聽力題的理解都是以句子為單位,對(duì)常用口語的熟記和對(duì)很多句子的表達(dá)方式的掌握能使你快速理解話語。做聽力時(shí)沒有可以分析語句的時(shí)間,平時(shí)必須多記各種句式。
二、多練
常聽但不長聽,一般以每天十幾分鐘為宜。
三、熟悉聽力命題特點(diǎn)
1.主旨大意題
此類題要求根據(jù)所給信息歸納原文的主題或者最合適的標(biāo)題。一般為主觀性問題,多為wh-ques-tion形式。常見有下列問題:
what does the passage talk about?
what is the passage/talk mainly about?
what is the main idea of the passage/talk?
what is the best tit le of the passage?
對(duì)這種類型題,抓住短文的前兩句話往往特別重要,因?yàn)榍皟删湓捦侵黝}句,即使不是主題句,也對(duì)理解全文有重要的意義。例如:
last friday,a storm to re through two villages in fujian province,14 people were killed.
這句話是一篇新聞的開頭,很明顯是主題句,介紹了新聞的中心內(nèi)容,下面則應(yīng)是對(duì)風(fēng)暴情況的具體敘述。
2.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題
在聽力考試中對(duì)事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題的考查最多,常見的問題是五個(gè)w一個(gè)h。
1)where -question
常見問法:
where does the con versation most probably take place?
where are the speakers now?
對(duì)這類問題,考生應(yīng)注意對(duì)話或短文的關(guān)鍵詞語,通過關(guān)鍵詞語判斷地點(diǎn)。一般情況下,試題常出現(xiàn)的地點(diǎn)有:學(xué)校、商店、餐館、車站、機(jī)場、醫(yī)院、郵局等。下面列出其相關(guān)詞:
school:lecture,paper,exam,grades,playground,teacher.
restaurant:menu,soup,drink,order,bill.
airport/station :train,time table,takeoff,passenger,flight.
post office:parcel,package,stamp,postage.
hospit al:cold,fever,pain,cough,trouble,temperature.
2)when-question
關(guān)于這類問題,考生要注意以下幾點(diǎn):
●根據(jù)表示時(shí)間的關(guān)聯(lián)詞來判斷事件發(fā)生的時(shí)間,如:befor e,after,the n,until,later,immediately等。
●聽清楚有關(guān)數(shù)字和數(shù)字之間的關(guān)系,然后進(jìn)行簡單的計(jì)算,如:the lon g dis tance bus from jinan to qingdao usually takes 4 hours,but yesterday it to ok me two hours more because of the heavy traffic.
q:how long did it take him to get to qingdao yesterday?
●掌握年、月、星期的表達(dá)方法。注意一些表示時(shí)間的詞,如:
quarter,a couple of days,eve,dawn,day break.
3)which /who -question
who常用來提問說話人的身份,動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者或接受者;which主要對(duì)某種具體的事物進(jìn)行提問。常見形式如下:
who is the speaker?
which subject will jack take?
which language is jack speaking?
這類問題難度不大,有時(shí)文中直接給出答案,有時(shí)可以根據(jù)相關(guān)詞判斷。如:
teacher/student:class,exam,homework,part-time job.
salesman :price,on sale,try on .
reporter:news,report.
4)how-question
主要提問:年齡、距離、速度、價(jià)格、數(shù)量等;說話人對(duì)事物的反應(yīng),動(dòng)作的方式等。問題的主要形式如下:
how old is the man?
how long does it take them to get there if they take plane?
how did the man go to japan?
how much did the man pay for the dress?
how did they feel about the train?
關(guān)于年齡、距離、速度等一般要進(jìn)行簡單的運(yùn)算??忌艘犌宄?shù)字外,還要注意百分?jǐn)?shù)、倍數(shù)等的數(shù)量詞,如:double,half,dozen,couple,thirty percent,three times,century,etc.
5)why-question
這類問題主要對(duì)原因進(jìn)行提問,常與文中表示原因的句子形成因果關(guān)系。因此要注意because,for,since,as,insgroupsto,so that,to等引導(dǎo)的句子或短語。如:
you will hear:
the new universities were founded after the second world war.a lot of students chose the new universities instead of oxford.they became popular because of their advanced teaching methods.
q:why did the new universities become popular?
3.推理判斷題
這類題是聽力中的難點(diǎn)。判斷要通過兩種途徑實(shí)現(xiàn):一是充分利用各題僅有的5秒鐘快速閱讀選項(xiàng),這樣一來,在聽錄音時(shí)就更容易抓住重點(diǎn);二是對(duì)所給的信息進(jìn)行判斷分析。
常見的問題形式如下:
what can we learn from the passage?
what does the speaker mean?
which of the following is true?
四、掌握答題技巧
1.速讀
1)進(jìn)入考場,盡快消除緊張心理,填涂完考號(hào)后,集中精力快速閱讀各小題,每小題的第一個(gè)詞常是聽力的重點(diǎn)(五個(gè)w一個(gè)h),爭取在放錄音前捕捉到聽力重點(diǎn)。
2)放錄音時(shí),充分利用各題僅有的5秒鐘時(shí)間,快速閱讀題干,以便有的放矢地聽錄音內(nèi)容。對(duì)于選項(xiàng)只能邊聽邊瀏覽,雙管齊下。
2.簡記
用自己能看懂的簡單方式盡量把與題干有關(guān)的信息記錄下來,比如數(shù)字用阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字,人物、地點(diǎn)用代號(hào),長詞用一兩個(gè)字母代替。
3.牢抓
抓牢與題干有關(guān)的關(guān)鍵詞,抓牢語段的主題,時(shí)刻記住“what are the ytalk ingabout?”。在聽對(duì)話時(shí),答語十分重要,一定要抓牢。在聽獨(dú)白時(shí),要抓住主題。
4.細(xì)思
帶著題干所述的問題邊聽邊瀏覽選項(xiàng),在聽第二遍時(shí)不少答案已經(jīng)確定下來了。最后剩下的5秒鐘做答時(shí)間,不應(yīng)平均分配,而主要用于對(duì)一些疑難問題進(jìn)行仔細(xì)思考分析。以上方法是作者多年經(jīng)驗(yàn)的結(jié)晶,希望讀者認(rèn)真領(lǐng)會(huì),相信對(duì)你的聽力定有幫助。